V.S. of Pinus needle
i) Endodermis is the outermost layer composed of compactly arranged small rectangular parenchymatous cells interrupted by a number of sunken stomata.
ii) The epidermis is followed by 2-3 layers of Lignified sclerenchymatous hypodermis which is also interrupted by sub- stomatal, air chambers of sunken stomata.
iii) The s[pace between hypodermis and endodermis is filled with a large number of thin walled special kinds of chlorenchyma cells with many pegs. like infoldings projected towards the cell cavities.
iv) Endodermis is the circular bounding layer of vascular bundles located at the center.
v) Pericycle is the multilayer composed of thin walled parenchymatous transfusion cells.
vi) There are two central parallelly placed vascular bundles.
vii) There is a T-shaped sclerenchymatous patch just above each vascular bundle.
Xerophytic Peculiarities
1. Presence of highly cutinized epidermis.
2. Presence of sunken stomata with sub- stomatal air chambers.
3. Presence of 2-3 layers of sclerenchymatous hypodermis.
4. Presence of multiangular peg-like mesophyll tissue.
5. Presence of complex pericycle of transfusion tissue.
